Cutting the cake fairly: CSCI publishes review of eligibility criteria for social care

22 October 2008

Everyone, regardless of their needs or how much money they have, should, as a minimum, have a proper discussion about their care needs and good information and advice about care choices, according to a new report by the Commission for Social Care Inspection, published today.

In the longer term the report backs the need for radical reform to the organisation and funding of the care and support system, as the Government has already acknowledged. So as well as reviewing the impact on people and their carers of the current means of deciding who should receive publicly-funded care, CSCI’s report also looks at possible future funding models and different ways they might allocate public funds to individuals needing care and support.

Launching the report, “Cutting the cake fairly”, CSCI Chair Dame Denise Platt said:

“We were pleased to be asked by the Government to undertake this review in the light of our report last January which showed the impact on individuals and their families of the increasingly tight thresholds for help set by councils. As this report shows, people and their families experience stress and bewilderment trying to get the care they need and the complex systems for determining how they might be helped defeat many.”

“Our findings demonstrate that the current system of determining eligibility is both heavily criticised and not aligned with present policy. The number of people seeking care and support has been rising and will continue to do so. Whilst most people accept that not everything can be provided by the State, they want a fairer and clearer system and one which both promotes their well-being and, if they need care and support, enables them to make informed decisions about the options available. Our review indicates there is some way to go before everyone can benefit from that approach.”

The review found that some people are benefiting from council-funded schemes aimed at those falling below local eligibility criteria. However, the overall picture confirms that people looking for support frequently fail to have an opportunity to have their needs properly taken into account and advice about the choices open to them. People who do not meet the eligibility criteria manage as best they can but often at great cost in financial, emotional, personal and physical terms, both to them and their family carers.

It is generally accepted that some method is needed to decide who should receive publicly funded care but the review found considerable criticism about the current eligibility criteria and how they operate in practice. Many concerns centre on the lack of transparency and fairness in the way criteria are applied as well as their apparent incompatibility with new approaches centred on self-assessment, individual choice and control.

CSCI makes a number of recommendations (see Notes to Editors) designed to challenge traditional thinking which sees social care services in a narrow and limited way and to improve the operation of eligibility criteria. The report also recommends a clearer, simpler, framework for deciding who is a priority for publicly-funded support. And it raises important questions about the development of individual and personal budgets, including the impact of charges which individuals may need to pay and when a person’s own resources are taken into account. It therefore recommends the development of a single, national formula for determining such budgets in order to increase transparency and make it easier for people to take their assessment from one local authority to another.

Looking to the future, Dame Denise commented:

“The questions about the role of our care and support services in future, including how they will be funded, grow in urgency – as this report shows. Politicians across the political spectrum, both nationally and locally, have a responsibility to work towards an enduring solution.”

Notes to editors

The Terms of Reference of the review are set out at Appendix 1.

The recommendations are:

(i) Better arrangements that offer universal support.

Eligibility criteria for access to public funding for social care services should be seen in a broader context that is more consistent with Putting People First and offers some level of help and advice to everyone seeking it. Three key elements are identified to ensuring better arrangements that offer universal support -

  • strengthening communities so all citizens can access local services which promote their general health and well-being;
  • assisting individual choices so everyone gets good advice, information and an assessment of their care and support needs as well as, where appropriate, advocacy and brokerage;
  • prioritising funding for individual needs on a clearer basis and ensure decisions about allocating public funds to individuals follow an assessment of needs.

(ii) Improve the response to people needing assistance, including the quality of response people receive when they first contact the council. The report also suggests ways of improving the assessment process.

(iii) Replace the FACS criteria with a revised way of allocating public funds to individuals and reinforce the need to make a clear distinction between assessing a person’s needs and their financial means. DH should consult on three ‘priorities for intervention’ rated according to the urgency of response required:

  • immediate intervention – without immediate support to remove barriers to people’s dignity and quality of life, a person’s well-being would be seriously threatened;
  • early intervention – where problems may develop and threaten a person’s well-being within 6 months if support is not provided;
  • longer-term intervention - where people’s well-being would be threatened within the year without targetted, evidence–based interventions.

(iv) A national resource allocation formula to underpin individual/personal budgets so that, rather than each council devising its own system, there would be a common approach across the country.

(v) A range of measures to support the implementation of the proposed arrangements, including:

  • ways of improving the initial response from councils to people seeking support
  • considering, in appropriate circumstances, a short period of re-ablement to maximise what people can do for themselves before any final decisions about ongoing needs for support.

Six background papers accompany the report

Just under 3,000 people completed an online survey; nearly 100 written submissions were sent in; over 100 people took part in a consultative event; consultations involved people using services and carers and a range of interested organisations; an advisory sounding board of key stakeholders met to discuss the evidence.

The Chair of CSCI is Dame Denise Platt DBE and the Chief Inspector is Paul Snell.

Media contacts

  • Ray Veasey 020 7979 2094
  • Andy Keast-Marriott 020 7979 2093
  • James Hedges 020 7979 2089

Created: 10/20/2008 Last updated: 10/22/2008